Throughout the summer of 2022, the military regime in Mali took a series of steps under the influence of Russia to isolate itself from its international military and political partners. This decline in access to hard power was counteracted by the introduction of the Russian private military company the Wagner Group, with its alleged heavy ties to the Kremlin.

Since 2017, Cameroon has been plagued by a deadly conflict linked to the roots of early colonialism headed by the French and British governments

The UK has, albeit not admittingly, attempted to palm off their international obligations upon another State. This attempt is not only non-permissible under international law but also does not relieve the UK of their obligations to the Refugee Convention, of which they are a signatory party.

On 1 April 2022, the Malian government proudly announced their successes during a recent operation in Moura that left an estimated 300 ‘militants’ dead. Between 23 and 31 March, the Malian army and suspected Russian mercenary counterparts, Wagner Group (WG), summarily executed these estimated 300 men.

The combination of Libya's penal sanctions alongside neglectful treatment of asylum seekers is nothing short of inhumane, let alone lawful.

Armed groups in South Sudan have systematically targeted women with malicious sexual intent as well as continued this in the form of prolonged slavery and forced pregnancies.

There needs to be more prominent transparency and honesty, evidence, and proof when it comes to the justification of the usage of drone strikes to support holding countries such as the United States accountable for their actions.

Corruption, mismanagement, poverty, and war provide fertile conditions for desperate youths with little prospect and lost patience with leaders to welcome such radical change as a military coup. And the pattern is clear; as long as coups succeed, coups will continue to take place.

While the Mali government have launched some investigations into atrocity allegations regarding Islamist groups, investigations into the Mali military have not been commenced.

Despite genocide not having been committed in the state, widespread, systemic and targeted crimes against humanity have been committed by all sides to the conflict.